This TED-Ed companion resource explores the dramatic history of bloodletting, humoral theory, and the shift toward scientific medicine. Students analyze why bloodletting persisted for nearly 2,000 years, how cultural beliefs shaped medical treatments, and how germ theory overturned old ideas. Includes 20 high-level discussion questions, an expanded essay prompt, and a debate topic comparing historical and modern medical reasoning. Perfect for courses in history, biology, anatomy, or medical