• 6 carefully selected primary source excerpts featuring a range of voices and perspectives:
  
  • John Smith (1608) – interactions with Powhatan leader Opechancanough
    
  • Edward Waterhouse (1622) – official British response to the Powhatan attack
    
  • Boston News-Letter (1704) – colonial raid on Spanish Florida missions
    
  • Walking Purchase Deed (1737) – exploitation of Lenape land agreement
    
  • Haudenosaunee Covenant Chain speech (1722) – diplomacy with the British
    
  • Ned Blackhawk (2008) – Spanish-Ute alliance and shifting Native alliances
    

• Critical thinking questions for each source
  
• Final reflection prompt on power dynamics and changing relationships
  

Skills Practiced:

• Analyzing historical sources for purpose and bias
  
• Making inferences based on textual evidence
  
• Understanding the complexity of Native-European relationships
  
• Connecting events to broader colonial and Indigenous histories
  

Perfect For:

• U.S. History (Colonial America / Early America)
  
• APUSH (Periods 1–3)
  
• Native American History units
  
• Primary source analysis practice
  
• In-class work, homework, or sub plans