Instructional guide that includes materials for students to build prior knowledge needed to progress from hands-on concrete thinking to advanced abstract thinking resulting in becoming fluent to 5 and 10. The guide also includes key critical questions at each level to further development of number sense. Blackline masters should be printed on cardstock, laminated, and cut out to create cards for flashing. This guide should also be supplemented by repeated activities such as SNATCH-IT and SCOOCH'EM to 5 and 10. These games promote conceptual understanding and help to reinforce and build required abstract thinking for fluency.