The guide covers all four units of the AP CSA curriculum:

Part 1: The Foundation of Programming (Unit 1)

• Algorithms, Java basics, compilers, and IDEs
• Primitive vs. reference types, variable declaration
• Expressions, output, input with Scanner
• Casting, overflow, compound assignment operators
• Objects, classes, methods, constructors
• The String class and immutability

Part 2: Controlling Program Flow (Unit 2)

• Boolean logic, if statements, relational operators
• Nested if, multi-way selection, compound expressions
• De Morgan's Laws, object comparison
• while loops, for loops, nested iteration
• Standard algorithms (min/max, sum, digit extraction)
• String algorithms and run-time analysis

Part 3: Creating Your Own Classes (Unit 3)

• Abstraction, encapsulation, and class design
• Access control (public/private)
• Constructors, getters, setters
• Static variables and methods, final constants
• Variable scope and the this keyword

Part 4: Data Structures & Algorithms (Unit 4)

• One-dimensional arrays and traversal
• ArrayList methods and algorithms
• Two-dimensional arrays (row-major and column-major)
• Linear search, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort
• Recursion, Binary Search, Merge Sort

Part 5: Exam Preparation & Final Tips

• Deep dive into all 4 FRQ question types
• Complete Java Quick Reference summary
• Common pitfalls and how to avoid them
• Code tracing strategies
• Practice Exam

Key Features

• Learning Objectives (LO) and Essential Knowledge (EK) are clearly marked throughout
• Java Quick Reference integrated with explanations
• Exam Focus boxes highlighting what to expect on the exam
• Warning boxes for common pitfalls
• Practice Problems with solutions
• Code examples demonstrating proper syntax