Linking the visual representation of digits and numbers and being able to double firstly digits and then all numbers to 100 (using the strategy if I know double 3 ones = 6 then double 3 tens = 6 tens or 60) becomes much easier. Empty columns are for you to add your own headings eg plus 1, plus 10, triple or x 3, double double or x 4, odd or even?, 5 less than or whatever you want to practice. Dots are used to scaffold numbers up to 20. Laminate and they can be used over and over. Multiplicative