I believe that as students experience genuine achievement, they take a greater interest in increasing their own knowledge. For students to succeed, they need to see patterns in the subject matter and be given opportunities to find those patterns through whole as an overview instruction, as well as parts-to-the-whole instruction, and be given lots of repetition and visual presentations. Expect that they CAN achieve, and make lessons come alive, sneaking past their defenses, and they WILL learn - even against their will! Teach high and provide safety nets below.